When newcomers think of settling in Canada, big cities like Toronto, Vancouver, or Montreal often come to mind. But across the country, small communities offer incredible opportunities — from affordable housing and a relaxed pace of life to close-knit social connections and local job prospects.
To help newcomers make informed settlement decisions, it’s important to understand how Canada is organized — from the national level down to the neighbourhoods that shape everyday life.
Canada’s Hierarchy at a Glance
- Federal Level: The Government of Canada oversees national programs like immigration, defence and federal benefits.
- Provincial/Territorial Level: Each province and territory manage healthcare, education, and regional economic growth. For example, Ontario or Alberta run their own immigrant nominee programs.
- Regional or County Level: Provinces are divided into regions or counties that coordinate shared services such as waste management, schools and transportation.
- Municipal Level: Cities, towns and villages are the heart of community life — offering housing options, recreation, local employment programs and settlement supports.
- Neighbourhoods & Catchment Areas: Within municipalities, smaller zones define school districts, health service areas and community programs — key details for families and newcomers planning where to live.
Why This Matters for Newcomers
Understanding these levels helps you:
- Identify where specific services are offered (healthcare, childcare, schools, etc.).
- Learn about job markets and housing options in smaller regions.
- Connect with local newcomer services that help with integration and employment.
Canada’s small communities are growing, diverse and full of opportunity. Learning how they are organized is the first step in discovering where you can build your future.
Explore. Learn. Belong. — Discover your place in a small Canadian community.
Canada InfoNet supports pre-arrival clients on this journey — offering mentorship, career guidance and resources to help you explore opportunities and make informed decisions before arriving in Canada. Contact us to learn more about how we can support your journey.
